Ethical Standards. University of Baguio Research Journal adheres to the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines on research and publications ethics.

Research Misconduct.  Research misconduct is the fabrication, falsifications, or plagiarism or deception in proposing, performing, reviewing research and reporting the findings. Further, it covers avoidable failure to follow research proposals as approved by a research ethics committee, particularly where this failure may result in unreasonable risk to humans, animals, plants and the environment. It also includes the wilful concealment or facilitation of research misconduct by others.  It does not include honest error and or differences of opinion, and may not include honest errors that are minor or unintentional. 

• Fabrication. Making up of data or results and recording or reporting them.
• Falsification. Manipulating research materials, equipment or processes, or changing oromitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented inthe research record.
• Plagiarism. The appropriation of another person’s ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit. It excludes the limited use of identical or nearly-identical (general) phrases that are not substantially misleading or of great significance.
• Deception. Not disclosing the purpose of the research and the procedures involved to the participants.
• Breach of the right to privacy. Disclosing the identity of participants and the information given by them when it was restricted by the non-disclosure agreement. It includes discussing with other people the results of the research without it having been published yet.

Peer Review.