Authors who intend to publish in the UB Research journal are advised to observe the following in preparing their manuscript:

• Research topics should be aligned to the Research Agenda of the University or of the school. Topics that do not fall under any of the priority areas may be considered provided they address relevant issues and problems of the times.
• Organize the paper following these major headings:

Title
Author/s
Affiliation

Abstract. The Abstract should not be more than 300 words (indicate 5 key words).
Introduction
Materials and Methods (experimental study) or Methodology (non-experimental study)
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
References. The References should substantially consist of articles and studies published in scientific and peer-reviewed online journals. Unpublished materials such as theses and dissertations are discouraged.  The APA (American Psychological Association) style is the primary reference guide for our publication, encompassing both in-text citations and end-of-text references. Ensure all references cited in the text are listed in the reference section and vice versa. Authors are responsible for checking the accuracy of all references.

• Preparation of Manuscript

1. Manuscripts submitted for publication must be in an electronic copy and should not exceed ten (10) pages. The document should be submitted in Microsoft Word format (.doc or .docx) and prepared on (8.5 × 13 in.)  paper with 0.6 in. margin on all sides. 
2. Use the Times New Roman font with an 11 point size.
3. The text is justified, using normal paragraphs with the first line indented 5 character spaces from the left margin. 
4. Observe single-spaced lines within a paragraph, and double-space between paragraphs or between headings/subheadings and the subsequent paragraph.
5. Spell out acronyms of unfamiliar abbreviations when these are mentioned for the first time in the text. Do not spell out number unless they are used to start a sentence.
6.  Use the metric system only or the International System of Units. Use abbreviations of units only beside numerals (e.g. 6 m); otherwise, spell out the units (e.g. kilometers from here). Do not use plural forms or periods for abbreviations of units. Use the bar for compound units (e.g. 1 kg/ha/yr.). Place a zero before the decimal in numbers less than 1 (e.g. 0.25).
7. Titles of tables and captions of figures should be as short as possible and understandable without referring to the text. Figures should consist only of simple line drawings, computer-generated graphics or good quality black and white photographs. Photographs should be original figures that are not electronically enhanced and submitted in a jpeg or pang file.

• Prior to submission, authors must ensure that their manuscripts undergo a Similarity Check powered by Turnitin, with a maximum allowable similarity score of 15%.
• Authors shall assume full responsibility for conveyed opinions and the accuracy of statements in the articles.
• The Editor retains the right to edit and format the manuscript in order to ensure consistency with the journal’s style.