Rose-Ann A. Bosang, | Zoe Joy D. Coga-ay | Allyah Cassandra C. Fernandez | Ansarolah M. Gagato | Caroll Kraessan B. Kay-an | Amira N. Nasr | Mylene M. Wakit
University of Baguio High School
ABSTRACT
Aside from the several health benefits of honey (Apis mellifera) and propolis, it has also been used as an antibacterial bee product that acts in Gram-positive and Gram-negative. Honey bees are social insects that induce a resin-like material compound called propolis— a substance produced by bees from the sap on evergreen leaves. By combining sap with their possessed beeswax and salivary enzymes, bees can create a greenish-brown and sticky substance called “propolis” used to protect hives against predators, microorganisms, and temperature changes. Because propolis contains various healing properties, previous research and laboratory trials have consequently proved that propolis works as an effective microbial and bactericidal inhibition against bacteria, viruses, and fungi containing inflammatory effects. This meta-analysis study aims to analyze and discuss the most effective concentration of honey and propolis as a microbial inhibitor against Staphylococcus aureus across published studies. To determine the hypothesis of the most effective concentration of propolis, the researchers used a quantitative meta-analysis study. A thorough literature search was conducted using online electronic sources such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, ResearchGate, Mendeley, Taylor & Francis Online, and SfAM Journals. Subsequently, three identified studies met the set inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of honey and propolis susceptibility against Staphylococcus aureus was estimated at 98.5% (95% confidence interval: 99.38-99.87%). The results showed that the combination of propolis and honey works faster at a concentration rate ranging from 60%- 80% at 37 degrees Celsius. Thus, combining propolis and honey was proven to eliminate the growth of bacteria having an acidity level from 3.4 to 6. The present meta-analysis study uncovered the promising antibacterial activity of honey and propolis against Staphylococcus aureus based on various clinical trials. Though, future studies are advised to perform clinical trials to support the claims of this study.
Keywords: Propolis, Apis mellifera, Staphylococcus aureus, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Meta-analysis
